This article is related to Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) that was founded as Shanghai Five by 5 countries in 1996 but in 2001, it was given the name of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and currently, there are 8 members of SCO.
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SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organisation) – MCQs
When Shanghai Cooperation Organisation was founded?
- May 15th, 2001
- June 15th, 2001
- July 15th, 2001
- August 15th, 2001
Shanghai Five was formed by Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, China and Russia on April 26, 1996 but in 2001 after joining of Uzbekistan, the organisation was known as Shangahi Cooperation Organisation.
Following five countries were the founding members of Shanghai Five that formed on April 26, 1996.
- Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Russia
- Kazakhstan, China, Russia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan
- Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei Darussalam, Laos
- Malaysia, Philippines, Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia
Initially, how many countries were the members of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation when it formed on June 15th, 2001?
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
When Pakistan became a full member of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?
- 8 – 9 April, 2017
- 8 – 9 May, 2017
- 8 – 9 June, 2017
- 8 – 9 July, 2017
What is the abbreviation of SCO?
- Shanghai Comprehensive Organization
- Shanghai Collaborative Organization
- Shanghai Cooperative Organization
- Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
When India joined Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?
- 8 – 9 April, 2017
- 8 – 9 May, 2017
- 8 – 9 June, 2017
- 8 – 9 July, 2017
What is the number of Pakistan in terms of population?
- 5
- 4
- 7
- 6
What is the capital of Kyrgyzstan?
- Tashkent
- Bishkek
- Nur-Sultan
- Dushanbe
Which country comes at number first in terms of population?
- Indonesia
- China
- India
- USA
What is the old name of Nur-Sultan?
- Peking
- Rhodesia
- Ceylon
- Astana
Where Pakistan and India did get the full membership of SCO in June 2017.
- Beijing
- Shanghai
- Saint Petersburg
- Astana
How many sovereign states are the member of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation at present?
- 8
- 7
- 6
- 5
How many members of SCO are landlocked?
- 4
- 3
- 2
- 1
The only member of SCO, which is separated by Palk Strait from Sri Lanka?
- Pakistan
- Maldives
- Philippines
- India
Where SCO’s summit with head of state took place in 2019.
- Islamabad, Pakistan
- Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Who is the current secretary general of SCO?
- Vladimir Norov (Uzbekistan)
- Amjad Hussain B. Sial (Pakistan)
- Sadam Hussain (Kyrgyzstan)
- Xi Pivjin (China)
Indicate the state of origin of Vladimir Norov?
- Kyrgyzstan
- Kazakhstan
- Russia
- Uzbekistan
Where is the secretariat of SCO located?
- Dushanbe, Tajikistan
- Islamabad, Pakistan
- Astana, Kazakhstan
- Beijing, China
When the Shanghai Five was founded?
- January 26, 1996
- February 26, 1996
- March 26, 1996
- April 26, 1996
Where the SCO’s summit with the head of government take place in November 2019?
- Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
- Russia, Moscow
- Beijing, China
Since 2001, how many summits have been taken place in Pakistan?
- 3
- 2
- 1
- 0
Since 2001, how many summits have been taken place in India?
- 3
- 2
- 1
- 0
When did the charter of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation enacted?
- September 19, 2003
- November 19, 2003
- December 19, 2003
- January 19, 2003
Where the charter of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation was signed in June 2002?
- New Delhi, India
- Dushanbe, Tajikistan
- Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
- Saint Petersburg, Russia
The capital city of Uzbekistan is ________?
- Ashgabat
- Tashkent
- Antananarivo
- Vientiane
When did the Brunei Darussalam join this organization?
- January 8th, 1984
- February 8th, 1984
- March 8th, 1984
- April 8th, 1984
The creation of SCO was announced on June 15, 2001 by ______ countries.
- 6
- 5
- 4
- 3
The capital of China is?
- Shanghai
- Hong Kong
- Guangzhou
- Beijing
How many official working languages of SCO are?
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
The Secretary General of SCO is selected for a period of ______ years.
- 5
- 4
- 3
- 2
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation counts ________ observers.
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
Executive Committee of the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) is based in ______.
- Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
- Shanghai, China
- Uzbekistan, Tashkent
- Saint Petersburg, Russia
When did Vladimir Norov take charge of secretary general of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?
- January 1st, 2019
- January 1st, 2018
- January 1st, 2017
- January 1st, 2016
There are ________ dialogue partners of SCO.
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation possesses ________ permanent bodies.
- 5
- 4
- 3
- 2
CSS Notes
Introduction
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is an important security organization which is established to compete with the growing US and NATO influence in the region. Its prime motive is to counter the threats of terrorism and extremism in the region. This organization is vibrant and has full potential to combat terrorism and other regional and international threats.
Establishment of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is a permanent intergovernmental international organization, the creation of which was announced on June 15, 2001in Shanghai, China by six countries, namely Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, China and Russia. It was preceded by Shanghai Five group, founded on April 26, 1996 by the five nations i.e. Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, China and Russia.
Membership
The historical meeting of SCO was held on 8-9 June 2017 in Astana. On the meeting the status of a full member of the Organization was granted to the Republic of India and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. So, currently it has eight members.
Charter
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter was signed during the St. Petersburg SCO Heads of State meeting in June 2002, and entered into force on 19 September 2003. This is the fundamental statutory document which outlines the organization’s goals and principles, as well as its structure and core activities.
Official Language
The official working languages of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation are Chinese and Russian.
Observers and Dialogue Partners
The SCO counts four observer states, namely the Afghanistan, Belarus, Iran and Mongolia and six dialogue partners, namely Azerbaijan, Armenia, Cambodia, Nepal, Turkey, and Sri Lanka.
Permanent Bodies of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
The organization has two permanent bodies. It’s Secretariat based in Beijing and the Executive Committee of the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) based in Tashkent. The Secretary-General and the Director of the Executive Committee of the SCO RATS are appointed by the Council of Heads of State for a term of three years. Vladimir Norov (Uzbekistan) since January 1st, 2019 is the current secretary general of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
Secretariat
The SCO Secretariat, based in Beijing, is the main permanent executive body. The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General. Nominated by the Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs and approved by the Heads of State Council. The Secretary-General is appointed from among citizens of the SCO member states on a rotating basis in Russian alphabetical order for a single three-year term with no possibility of extension.
Summits
According to the charter, summits of the Council of Heads of State shall be held annually at alternating venues. The locations of these summits follow the alphabetical order of the member state’s name in Russian. Summit with the head of state took place at Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan on June 14 – 15, 2019 and next is scheduled at Saint Petersburg, Russia in July 2020. Similarly summit with the head of governments took place at Tashkent, Uzbekistan on November 1 – 2, 2019 and next is scheduled at New Delhi, India in 2020. So far, no summit took place in Pakistan and India.
Goals of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
- Making joint efforts to maintain and ensure peace, security and stability in the region.
- Strengthening mutual trust.
- Promoting their effective cooperation in politics, trade, the economy, research, technology and culture.
- Promoting and enhancing cooperation in the field of education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental protection, and other areas.
Challenges Faced by the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
- To counter US influence in the region
- To prevent clash of interests between Russia and China
Areas of Interest Between Pakistan and SCO
- Elimination of terrorism and extremism.
- Peaceful coexistence.
- Elimination of drugs from the region.
- Regional stability and economic prosperity.
- Non-interference in the matters of other member states.
What Pakistan Can Get from SCO?
- Counter terrorism and drug smuggling.
- Cooperation in politics, trade, the economy, research, technology and culture.
- Balance in foreign policy and economic stability.
- Best utilization of its strategic location (ports and transit like CPEC is a fair example of this).
- Assistance and cooperation in the field of education, energy, transport, tourism, environmental protection, and other areas.
What Should Pakistan Do Living in the Sphere of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
- It should build good relations with Russia and neighboring countries including Afghanistan, China, Iran, and India.
- It should achieve political stability as it has been weakened since 1947.
- Border disputes should be resolved as soon as possible.
- Eradication of terrorism and extremism.
Conclusion
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation has the potential of becoming prosperous and developed grouping of Asian nations and to contain hegemony, terrorism, extremism from the region. It can also be helpful in reaping full advantages of natural resources. Pakistan can reap full advantage of its strategic location and natural resources. For this, Pakistan needs some pragmatic and result oriented measures.
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