This article is related to Non Aligned Movement (NAM) that formed during the ear of cold war at Serbia, Belgrade in 1961 on the initiative of Josip Broz Tito, Nehru, Sukarno and Abdel Naseer.
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NAM (Non Aligned Movement) – MCQs
When Non Aligned Movement was founded?
- August 1st, 1961
- September 1st, 1961
- October 1st, 1961
- November 1st, 1961
Non Aligned Movement was the outcome due to endeavors of the followings.
- Joseph Broz Tito, Sukarno, Jawaharlal Nehru, Gamal Abdel Naseer
- Joseph Broz Tito, Sukarno, Jawaharlal Nehru, Zia Ur Rehman
- Z.A Bhutto, Sukarno, Joseph Broz Tito, Zia-ul-Haq
- General Gadhafi, Joseph Broz Tito, Sukarno, Jawaharlal Nehru
To date, how many countries are the members of this movement?
- 118
- 120
- 122
- 124
When Pakistan joined this movement?
- 1997
- 1978
- 1979
- 1980
What is the abbreviation of NAM?
- Non Atrocities Movement
- Non Aligned Measures
- Non Assigned Movement
- Non Aligned Movement
Where Pakistan joined the movement in 1979?
- Mumbai, India
- Jakarta, Indonesia
- Havana, Cuba
- New York, USA
What is the capital of Azerbaijan?
- Dushanbe
- Baku
- Nur-Sultan
- Bishkek
Which Muslim country comes at number first in terms of population?
- Brunei Darussalam
- Indonesia
- Kazakhstan
- Malaysia
Who was the president of Pakistan when it joined Non Aligned Movement?
- Z.A Bhutto
- Nawaz Sharif
- Gen Ayub Khan
- Gen Zia-ul-Haq
Pakistan joined Non Aligned Movement in 1979 under General Zia’s regime. He was the sixth president of Pakistan.
When did the Bandung Conference take place?
- April 1955
- May 1955
- June 1955
- July 1955
What was the core objective of the formation of Non Aligned Movement?
- Non-biased toward eastern or western bloc
- Biased toward eastern bloc
- Biased toward western bloc
- Alternative of UNO
What is the capital of Serbia?
- Ljubljana
- Zagreb
- Sarajevo
- Belgrade
Where did the first summit take place?
- Dakar, Senegal
- Manila, Philippines
- Jakarta, Indonesia
- Belgrade, Serbia
Who is the current chairman of Non Aligned Movement?
- Ilham Aliyev (Azerbaijan)
- Nicolas Maduro (Venezuela)
- Hassan Rouhani (Iran)
- Muhammad Ahmadinejad (Iran)
Indicate the state of origin of Ilham Aliyev?
- Brunei
- Cambodia
- Vietnam
- Azerbaijan
Where was the 18th summit held?
- Baku, Azerbaijan
- Vientiane, Laos
- Bali, Indonesia
- Jakarta, Indonesia
Who was the first chairperson of Non Aligned Movement?
- Gamal Abdul Nasser (Egypt)
- Joseph Broz Tito (Yugoslavia)
- Sukarno (Indonesia)
- Jawaharlal Nehru (India)
When was the online summit titled “United Against COVID-19) conducted?
- April 4, 2020
- May 4, 2020
- June 4, 2020
- July 4, 2020
Where is NAM’s Coordinating Bureau located?
- Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Jakarta, Indonesia
- New York, USA
- Antananarivo, Madagascar
Which countries are the members of Non Aligned Movement?
- Developing Countries
- Developed Countries
- Permanent members of UNO
- Afro – Asian Group
Who used “Non-Aligned” first time?
- Joseph Broz Tito
- General Gadhafi
- Gamal Abdul Nasser
- Jawaharlal Nehru
CSS Notes
Introduction – Non Aligned Movement (NAM)
The Non-Aligned Movement is a forum of 120 developing world states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide.
History
Drawing on the principles agreed at the Bandung Conference in 1955, the NAM was established in 1961 in Belgrade, SR Serbia (Socialist Republic of Serbia), Yugoslavia through an initiative of the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru Indonesian President Sukarno, Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser and the Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito.
Bandung Conference
The first large-scale Asian–African or Afro–Asian Conference also known as the Bandung Conference was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of which were newly independent, which took place on 18–24 April 1955 in Bandung, Indonesia. The twenty-nine countries that participated represented a total population of 1.5 billion people, 54% of the world’s population.
Core Objectives of Non Aligned Movement (NAM)
The Bandung Conference was an important milestone in the evolution of NAM. In this conference 29 delegates from various Asian and African countries participated. They declared their intention that they would not become puppets of the communist or the Western Bloc. The term “Non-Aligned” was first used by the Indian Prime Minister in 1954 in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Ten principles of Bandung were elucidated which became core objectives of the Non Aligned Movement, these were:
- Respect of fundamental human rights and objectives and principles of the UN Charter.
- Refraining from aggression against sovereignty and the territorial integrity of any nation.
- Peaceful solution of international conflicts.
- Respect of Justice and international obligations.
- Promotion of mutual interest and cooperation.
- Non-use of collective defense (defense) pacts to benefit any superpower.
- Recognition of equality among all nations.
- Respect of sovereignty and territorial integrity of all nations.
- Non-interference in internal affairs of any country.
- Recognition of every country’s right to defend.
Summits
In September 1961, first summit of Non Aligned Movement was held at Belgrade in Yugoslavia, through the initiative of Josip Tito. Josip was a shrewd politician, who was of the opinion that escalating tensions between US and Russia could lead to a world war. He died not want to become a satellite of Russia.
To date, 18 summits of NAM have been held. The Last summit (18th summit) was held at Baku (Azerbaijan) on October 25 – 26 2019 under the slogan “Upholding Bandung principles to ensure a concerted and adequate response to the challenges of the contemporary world”. An online summit titled “United Against Covid-19” conducted on May 4, 2020 on the initiative of the chairman of the NAM for the 2019-2022 period, addressed mainly the global struggle to fight the Covid-19 pandemics and supporting NAM to increase its role in dealing with and mitigating the outcomes caused by this disease in NAM, as well as other countries.
Administration
It is a non-hierarchal and inclusive organization the chair of movement rotates to the head of state of the host country of summit who holds this office till next summit.
The decision making body is the conference of Head of States or Government Chairing country’s ambassador to UN is expected to devote time and effort to the Non Aligned movement.
Coordinating Bureau
The Coordinating Bureau of Non Aligned Movement is located at New York, USA.
Membership
To date; there are 120 member states, 17 observers and 10 international organization.
Critical Analysis
According to some people, NAM has outlived its usefulness. Condo Lezza Rice said that
“NAM might have made sense during the cold war but she asked what it meant when people of every race and culture are embracing political and economic liberty.”
According to Stephen Kinzer, an American author and journalist;
“During the Cold War, the Non-aligned Movement tried to become a third force in world politics, but failed because it was too large and unwieldy”.
However, many people do not think that NAM has become irrelevant after the end of cold war. An Asian Diplomat said:
“If NAM has no reason to exist after the cold war, so should be the fate of NATO.”
Ban Ki Moon highlighted the importance of NAM when he opined.
“No country — regardless of its size or resources — can solve problems alone. That raises the stakes and the space for the NAM to shape a better world.”
For official website of Non Aligned Movement (NAM): Please Click Here
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